Application Essay Free Essays

With a strong worldwide encounter and foundation in Accounting and Finance, I am anxious to seek after these two interests all through my future profession. Picking an instructive foundation, I additionally remembered my profession plans. I am applying for an exchange to New York University, since a world-class school situated in the most dynamic monetary capital of the world will without a doubt help me to expand my commitment to the Accounting calling and open up new profession prospects. We will compose a custom paper test on Application Essay or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Additionally, right when I was remaining on the Empire State Building, I concluded that I am anxious to study and work in the superb city of New York. The primary explanation is certainly my faith in unrivaled nature of Stern Business School’s instructive program when contrasted with most different colleges. Information is a higher priority than at any other time in our data driven age, and in my most profound conviction, Stern will give me increasingly significant courses that will extend the information from the essential courses for Accounting Major finished in my junior college. Anxious to supplement my major with Finance classes, I envision finding great open doors at Stern that positions as one of the top US business colleges for Money educational program. I have learned that I can be fruitful around there after my aptitude was affirmed by the triumph in two stock speculation challenges in Korea and I got experience dealing with a private resource the board organization along with my associates. These victories provoked me to change from Engineering and IT to Accounting. With A’s in all bookkeeping classes at my junior college, I accept the opportunity has arrived to move onwards and to take my insight into Accounting and Finance to another level that will empower me to use my experience and inalienable capacities. The worldwide focal point of Stern is, from my viewpoint, another significant preferred position of the school. Looking on my involvement with China where I worked at my father’s worldwide exchange business for a long time, I despite everything feel the beneficial outcomes of this work helped me improve my insight into the Chinese language, just as get hands-on involvement with exchanging and upgrade my intercultural ability. The assorted variety of Stern’s understudy network is an incredible resource since it will assist me with growing the limits of my diverse skill and start fellowships with individuals from everywhere throughout the world. Drawing on my experience of filling in as a Korean language instructor and taking an interest in the International College Students Association’s social trades in my junior college, I would like to make my commitment to decent variety on NYU grounds. I additionally perceive that, given the essential significance of systems administration in today’s serious business condition, learning at Stern can help drive my vocation through colleague with experts prone to acquire positions in the main worldwide organizations. This worldwide focal point of the school will give me an upper hand in accomplishing my last objective, the situation of a CFO in a famous global organization. Joined with my insight into Chinese, Korean and English, a degree acquired at NYU will amplify my decisions for a fruitful vocation start. Access to the center of the worldwide economy is another significant basis for my decision. I feel that to get familiar with the most about the US economy, I need to get to the focal point of business situated in Manhattan. Utilizing this chance, I can help make contacts with the individuals who are at the cutting edge of what's going on in the US business network. Situated in the worldwide economy, NYU will give me a brilliant opportunity to scan for an occupation in a top-positioned bookkeeping structure after graduation. During learns at NYU, there will definitely be a lot of chances to expand my possibilities of work through a scope of entry level positions and widen my work experience that is frequently a conclusive factor in bookkeeping vocations. I am certain that Stern Business School will be a significant advance toward the acknowledgment of my goal-oriented profession yearnings. With remarkable workforce, commendable educational program, overall notoriety and worldwide center, Stern is the perfect counterpart for my likely arrangements. A degree acquired from NYU will turn into the following structure square of my expert vocation, taking me further in the energizing quest for information about the business world. I emphatically accept that years from now, I will be taking a gander at this essential point in my life, recalling with appreciation my understudy a very long time at Stern, loaded with fascinating revelations, serious groundwork for future work and companionships with extraordinary people from the entire world. Step by step instructions to refer to Application Essay, Essays Application Essay Free Essays The purposes behind remembering sociologies for my long lasting vocation began at secondary school when I demonstrated a profound intrigue and excitement in concentrating of government, nuts and bolts of law and psychology.â â Since that time I’ve understood that my expert life would be associated with deal with government organizations with center around social relations. My profound enthusiasm for law and brain research just as my basic and coherent reasoning capacities have been doing me an incredible kindness in my expert life which is related with two unique circles of expert action: account and brain research. We will compose a custom paper test on Application Essay or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now After graduation from school in 1998 with a Degree in Psychology I have been working low maintenance as an advisor for simple-minded individuals in bunch homes and furthermore had a vocation of bookkeeper and duty expert in counseling company.â This adaptable expert experience gave me an incredible and priceless act of working with individuals and contemplating mental issues just as it gave me an extraordinary possibility for additional improvement of information in the field of human conduct and nature of human relations. Then again the work in account circle allowed me a chance to create and improve my basic assessment and end abilities and gave open doors for fundamental free reasoning and autonomous work practice that is one of indispensable segments of my future vocation objectives.  â My rich and profound information on human instinct and conduct and my long enthusiasm for contemplating law provoked me to consider continuation of my instruction and seeking after of Criminal Justice Master qualification, which is brought about by my profession intends to work for FBI or government Patrol. A strong foundation in brain science on the hand with my basic and expository thinking aptitudes will fill in as a solid reason for contemplating law and criminology. That’s why John Jay School of criminal equity, that has great criminology programs, will make ready for additional expert development and greatness.  The most effective method to refer to Application Essay, Essays

Understanding the Statistics of Visual Learners Free Essays

Truth: Approximately 65 percent of the populace is visual students. Certainty: The mind forms visual data 60,000 quicker than content. Certainty: 90 percent of data that goes to the cerebrum is visual. We will compose a custom article test on Understanding the Statistics of Visual Learners or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Reality: 40 percent of all nerve filaments associated with the mind are connected to the retina. Actuality: Visual Literacy is the capacity to encode (make a visual language) amp; unravel (comprehend a visual language). Truth: Visual guides in the study hall improve learning by up to 400 percent. Truth: Students who are twice excellent (2e) are regularly visual students. 1. It is much less tedious to watch a film than it is to peruse a book in addition to you can do it at the same time. When perusing a book you need to continue halting and beginning the last known point of interest. 2. In a film you can see precisely what is happening (I. e. activity, show, sentiment); though in a book you truly need to utilize your creative mind. Time is of the embodiment †I read a ton and I read quick yet if I somehow managed to spend my whole end of the week sitting idle yet perusing I’d be pushing to complete three books (in fact I read dream and they will in general be gigantic yet at the same time). In the event that I spend the whole end of the week watching motion pictures (except if I’m watching Lord of the Rings or something similarly epic) I can likely thump over around twelve films. Motion pictures jump out a great deal of detail that shows up in books, in addition to they don’t need to depict scenes to you, they simply streak an image and proceed onward. They are speedier in passing on the story. Embellishments †Now it has been brought up that our creative mind has no confinements and enhancements do so things that sound great in books in some cases look very ludicrous in motion pictures. In any case, my creative mind is constrained by my feeling of the real world thus when a book has a fender bender I see a bit of ding and a touch of broken glass, where as a film will generally simply explode the vehicle in a fantastic demonstration of slaughter. Consistently I know the vehicle likely wouldn’t explode yet watching it on the screen I can go with it. Finding out about it, I will as a rule mitigate it. Activity arrangements †yes you can peruse activity successions however I discover them very dull. Especially blade battles. Kindly don't portray everything single attack and counter-attack to me on the off chance that you anticipate that me should at present be perusing when the fight is finished. Notwithstanding, in movies†¦ they characterize the show don’t tell hypothesis. It is much more energizing to watch a blade battle than to peruse a pass up blow editorial on a sword battle. The most effective method to refer to Understanding the Statistics of Visual Learners, Papers

The Blog of Unnecessary Quotation Marks

The Blog of Unnecessary Quotation Marks Last week I wrote an article about quotation marks, and I did not cover the topic of their overuse. Quotation marks are often used to emphasize a word when they are grammatically unnecessary or incorrect. Thankfully, another blogger has taken on the gallant task of locating errant quotation marks so that I can take a rest on this one. I just had to share!   the blog of unnecessary quotation marks Also note: Using single quotation marks is also not grammatically correct, unless you are quoting something within a quote. For instance: Grandma always used to say, I live every day by the words, A stitch in time saves nine.' Single quotation marks simply dont belong anywhere else. And thus concludes Part 2 of the Quotation Mark Quandary.

The Blog of Unnecessary Quotation Marks

The Blog of Unnecessary Quotation Marks Last week I wrote an article about quotation marks, and I did not cover the topic of their overuse. Quotation marks are often used to emphasize a word when they are grammatically unnecessary or incorrect. Thankfully, another blogger has taken on the gallant task of locating errant quotation marks so that I can take a rest on this one. I just had to share!   the blog of unnecessary quotation marks Also note: Using single quotation marks is also not grammatically correct, unless you are quoting something within a quote. For instance: Grandma always used to say, I live every day by the words, A stitch in time saves nine.' Single quotation marks simply dont belong anywhere else. And thus concludes Part 2 of the Quotation Mark Quandary.

Glass Castle Essay - 2762 Words

Assignment the Glass Castle A. Jeannette Walls, in her memoir The Glass Castle, demonstrates Erikson’s eight stages of development. Through the carefully recounted stories of her childhood and adolescence, we are able to trace her development from one stage to the next. While Walls struggles through some of the early developmental stages, she inevitably succeeds and has positive outcomes through adulthood. The memoir itself is not only the proof that she is successful and productive in middle adulthood, but the memoir may also have been part of her healing process. Writing is often a release and in writing her memoir and remembering her history, she may have been able to come to terms with her sad past. The memoir embodies both the proof†¦show more content†¦In doing this, they instill her with a sense of responsibility and accomplishment. It strengthens the skills that she will need as an adult. Jeannette becomes adept at setting goals and achieving them through independence and self-control. E lementary and middle school years (6-12) are Erikson’s fourth stage in which the child must resolve the crisis between industry and inferiority. During this stage, a child becomes more aware of themselves as individuals. It is important that a child learn the feeling of success; if not allowed enough success, they might develop a sense of inferiority or incompetence. Again, it is about the balance of industry and inferiority that leads to competence both intellectually and socially. Despite the fact that the Welsh school administration placed Jeannette in classes for students with learning disabilities, she knows she is smart. She was in honors classes in Phoenix and continues to excel academically under the guidance of her parents. She reads on her own and understands that education is important. Despite her placement in the lower classes and not having any close friends, she is able to develop a sense of industry. Adolescence is Erikson’s fifth stage of development w herein the person must master the conflict of identity versus role confusion. The question, who I am? Is a question that arises during this time? The child is concerned withShow MoreRelatedThe Glass Castle Essay853 Words   |  4 PagesBad Parenting is the act of not showing the responsibilities that should be taken as a mother or father. In The Glass Castle, Jeannette Walls reveals the faults of parenting through the use of symbolism , imagery and characterization. Rosemary and Rex’s Struggles to show their children (Jeannette, Lori, Brian) the importance of the appearance and guidance of being by their side as a parent. Jeannette and Rex show their faults by destroying everything the children try to accomplish because of theirRead MoreThe Glass Castle Essay1684 Words   |  7 PagesThe Power to Overcome Sid Udayan January 10, 2012 ENG4U1 Ms. Skakic It still holds true that man is most uniquely human when he turns obstacles into opportunities. This is evident in Jeannette Walls’ memoir, The Glass Castle, which reiterates the story of Jeannette who is raised within a family that is both deeply dysfunctional and distinctively vibrant. Jeannette is faced with numerous barriers throughout her life. Despite the many obstacles set forth by her parents during herRead MoreGlass Castle Essay908 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book â€Å"The Glass Castle† by Jeannette Walls poverty goes deeper than just low income. Even while Jeannette’s parents had money coming in, they struggled to support their family properly. They went hungry, had no electricity, or even indoor plumbing, so this proposes the question can poverty be caused by more than just low income? Do people actually want to live in poverty? For Jeannette’s parents it sure seems that way. Rex Walls had grown up in a poverty stricken town of Welch. He grewRead MoreExamples Of Forgiveness In The Glass Castle1028 Words   |  5 PagesJeannette Walls, Shows in the book The Glass Castle that there are a lot of situations that happen in life where people make countless mistakes, but it is very important to forgive her father and her mother for many mistakes. She has to cope with many obstacles without her parents help. In the authors memoir, we become attracted with Jeannette constant struggle between protecting her family and the pleasure that her family is based on the same hopes and senseless falsehood with her unbelievableRead MoreThe Glass Castle By Jeannette Walls1285 Words   |  6 Pagesbe seen responding to the circumstances they endure in many different ways. The way they choose to respond to issues can determine whether the effect of their exposure will end up to be a positive strengthen to their character. In the memoir The Glass Castle written by Jeannette Walls, we see the effects of past experiences on Jeannette and we see how she uses those situations to shape the person that she becomes. Jeannette is a focal point to the life of success that a person can live even after growingRead MoreThe Glass Castle Essay On Happiness717 Words   |  3 PagesThe Glass Castle is a book written by Jeannette Walls and is about her childhood growing up in the 1960s and 70s. Throughout the book, Jeannette shows that money does not determine happiness. At various points in her difficult life, she is happy with only the essentials. Jeanette feels she is rich in her family for many reasons. They also teach her to be strong and resilient and give her something to look forward to. Jeannette sees wealth as being subjective, and as an adult, feels guilty forRead MoreThe Glass Castle By Jeannette Walls1241 Words   |  5 PagesThe Glass Castle In the memoir, The Glass Castle, by Jeannette Walls the author depicts her poverty-stricken past along with her eccentric morals, and dysfunctional parents as they traveled around the country avoiding debt-collectors, while handling unruly situations. The author lives with her three siblings: Brian, Lori, and Maureen Walls; and her two parents: Rex, and Mary Walls. The mother a struggling artist, and the father a jack-of-all-trades with an alcohol addiction. Together they move fromRead MoreEssay on Glass Castle Timeline1255 Words   |  6 Pagesdogs again, I felt a blaze on my right side.†(9) Western Desert; (21 April 1960 – 20 April 1965); 1-5 years old The book revolves around the idea of the Glass Castle, not the Glass Castle itself. Her parents, especially her father, make many promises to her throughout her life, and each one of them is broken or never achieved. The Glass Castle stuck with her throughout her childhood, and the idea, that was never fulfilled, was first introduced to her by her father when she was a very young age. Read MoreThe Glass Castle By Jeannette Walls1382 Words   |  6 PagesWhether nature, nurture, or both influences a person’s individuality has always been up for debate. What makes a person who they are can be any combination of things. In The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls, home is somewhat of an abstract idea; while in The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Alexie Sherman, it is more of an internal struggle of identity and where one belongs. By the end of the novels, however, the main characters both have a strong sense of self. Although the conceptRead MoreEssay about Glass Cas tle766 Words   |  4 PagesChildren do not always need loving and supportive parents in order to grow up successful. In The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls, not every child needs loving and supportive parents. Although they do love their children, Rex and Mary use very basic parental decisions; the children are very independent and raise themselves for the most part. With the right mindset, motivation and knowledge this can lead to success in life even through the hardest of times. Jeannette was at the lower class growing

What Impact Did the Major Political, Economic and Social...

Japan’s goal of achieving fukoku kyohei, â€Å"rich country; strong military†, fuelled major political, economic and social changes during the Meiji Restoration. By the 20th century, Japan had a modern constitution and national parliament, though it was not truly democratic. The modernization of the nation also made Japan richer and more economically stable, with a structured education system. Japan, an impotent, closed feudal state, was transformed into a formidable nation focused on nationalism. In attempt to acquire strength and unity in the government, political changes focused on creating a centralized government and a western constitution. In consequence, the Japanese government became more united and organized. As the western†¦show more content†¦By the end of the Meiji Restoration, Japan had taken its inevitable part in the international scene. As the government and economy adjusted, the society took on many changes as well, such as the adoption of the Western culture, a reform in the education system, and the instillation of nationalism in Japan. The desire to be perceived as an equal by Westerners resulted in the adoption of the Western culture in the Japanese society. There were changes in the fashion as well as food and cuisine. Western-style haircuts were ubiquitous in the Japanese streets during 1870, while the introduction to bread, beef and dairy products made their way to the community subsequently. With the aim of a modernized society, the Meiji government also found an organized education system a vital aspect, thus instituting the Terokoya system. This change in education also launched the establishment of the Ministry of Education, which had an aim of providing education for all people. In 1868, almost 13,000 terakoyas were constructed with 837,000 students. (Miocevich, 30) By 1910, an immense advancement was made, as 98% of Japanese students were given compulsory education. (Miocevich, 30) Clearly, the Japanese had made education a priority. Finally, nationalism was probably the most prominent change in the Japanese society during the Meiji Restoration. As Japan grew stronger as aShow MoreRelatedThe Meiji Restoration of Japan Essay1674 Words   |  7 PagesBetween 1968 and 1912, Japan was going through a reformation called Meiji Restoration in order make the country strong as western countries. It had caused changes in many parts of Japan such as society, government, military, etc. Some of these changes still can be seen in the Japanese society today such as emperors are honored by Japanese citizens and seen as a special figure. Since this reformation had a great impact on development of Japan, it can be consider as a very important part of JapaneseRead MoreThe Rise of Western Culture and Economy in Japan After World War Ii1581 Words   |  7 PagesCulture and Economy in Japan after W orld War II According to some scholars, a societys culture determines its economic destiny. Before 1860, Japan had been isolated for over two centuries, and it was not until the aftermath of World War II when Japan was forced to ration food to extreme measures (Hiesinger 39), the Japanese peoples fear of become a Western sub-colony coupled with â€Å"their flexible attitude towards cultural variance (Sparke 10),† ushered them into economic and cultural WesternizationRead MoreJapanese Militarism5701 Words   |  23 PagesJapanese Militarism The recent spat between Japan and China is the latest in a series of outbursts between the two nations. What started as a Chinese objection to Japanese interpretation of history especially with reference to the latter’s acts against China during the fourth quarter of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, has now snowballed into a major controversy which could threaten the fragile relationship between them. The current episode started simmering whenRead MoreJapanese Militarism5701 Words   |  23 PagesJapanese Militarism The recent spat between Japan and China is the latest in a series of outbursts between the two nations. What started as a Chinese objection to Japanese interpretation of history especially with reference to the latter’s acts against China during the fourth quarter of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, has now snowballed into a major controversy which could threaten the fragile relationship between them. The current episode started simmering when the ChineseRead MoreRise of Warriors Essay2256 Words   |  10 PagesA change in governance structure can take place due to any variety of causes. While it is well known that Japan was governed for centuries by the warrior class, it is not always known why. The samurai rose to power over a long period of time. Following their eventual rise to the top of the Japanese social ladder, they spent centuries consolidating their new power. There were a number of factors that lead to the rise of the warrior class in the late Heian period, continuing until their the MeijiRead MoreEssay on Japans Economic Problems3970 Words   |  16 Pages1. A Brief Introduction Japan was a country that defied all odds and became a world power after losing a devastating war. In the 30 years after World War II the Japanese economy grew at an incredible rate, so much so in fact that Japan became the second largest economy in the world. Japan managed to successfully enact an economic system wholly different than that of the United States and because of it Japan experienced incredibly rapid growth over a period of roughly 30 years. During that periodRead MoreGlobalization and Its Impact on Malaysia13672 Words   |  55 Pageson one dollar a day, the benefits of globalization never come to you. Jimmy Carter In the US, most progressives start to see the differences between internationalism and economic globalization. David Korten It has been said that arguing against globalization is like arguing against the laws of gravity. Kofi Annan People have accused me of being in favor of globalization. This is equivalent to accusing me of being in favor of the sun rising in the morning. Clare Short This is a basic requirementRead MoreSpain and Japan Wine Industry Factbook12631 Words   |  51 PagesWine Industry Factbook Spain v.s. Japan Cross-cultural Study 2013 WINE INDUSTRY FACTBOOK SPAIN V.S. JAPAN Presented to: Rajiv Krishnan Kozhikode Instructor BUS430 – Cross-cultural Management Presented by: Team #1 Adam Reid | 301098783 | ajr15@sfu.ca Angela Zhang | 301127074 | yufengz@sfu.ca Janice Wong | 301132415 | yingngaw@sfu.ca Jenna Zhang | 301107862 | wza31@sfu.ca Jing Tang | 301131948 | jta52@sfu.ca OlamideOmorodion | 301123288 | oomorodi@sfu.ca TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. IntroductionRead MoreComparison Between Japan and Russia13811 Words   |  56 PagesCultural differences A comparison of Russia and Japan Kristina Aksakova Exchange student Virrat, 2011 [pic][pic] Table of contents General information about Russia and Japan 4 Japan 4 Background 4 Tsunami Devastates Japan 5 History 6 Geographical facts 8 Demographical facts 9 Economic facts 11 FOREIGN RELATIONS 13 Governmental facts 15 Infrastructural facts 16 Russia 18 Background 18 History 18 Geographical factsRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 PagesThe significance of the republic policies were great, they brought a lot of growth in the 20’s allowing the market to strive over lots of trading and the purchase of shares, but was also an unstable market, as the government had no control over what it did and was left up to the private sector almost to run the market. Entry of the United States world war 1 Non-Intervention - The United States originally pursued a policy of non-intervention, avoiding conflict while trying to broker a peace

The Enactment Of Arizona Immigration Laws - 1241 Words

A.Thesis statement: The enactment of Arizona immigration laws is the result of long-standing structural racism effects, and the practice of these laws leads to unconstitutional racial profiling concerns that target the Latino community on the basis of ethnicity. B. Description of paper / argument: a. In this paper, I will first discuss the historical development of structural racism in Arizona. b. Second, I will examine and analyze Arizona’s current immigration policies. c. Finally, I will discuss unconstitutional practices that have originated from the criminalization of the immigration legislations toward the Latino community. d. I will argue that the current immigration system in Arizona results in a continual perpetuation of structural racism affecting the daily lives of its Latino communities. e. Recommendations to be constructed†¦ BACKGROUND †¢ The Historical Emergence of Structural Racism in Arizona Several historical legislations have contributed to the intensification of structural racism in Arizona towards Latino immigrants that has been carried along to modern days. Most of them originated from past disputes over illegal immigration, which for the most part entail perceptions of illegal immigrants as â€Å"criminal aliens†. The creation of the term â€Å"criminal alien† arose from lawmakers that urged to combine immigration control with criminal law enforcement (Coleman) and to focus on reducing illegal migration with militarized border security and strictShow MoreRelatedWar on Immigration Essay975 Words   |  4 PagesThis week Obama and his Justice Department declared war on the people of Arizona by filing a lawsuit in federal court for the unpardonable sin of upholding law-and-order, practicing self-defense, and seeking relief from the crushing burden of supporting over 460,000 illegal aliens. Arizona, the biggest gateway into the U.S. for illegal immigration, faces bankruptcy from the increased health care, education, and welfare costs. Moreover, their citizens face terrorism and murder by illegal aliensRead MoreOur Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act Analysis1005 Words   |  5 PagesOn April 23, 2010, Arizona Governor Janice K. Brewer signed the Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act (SOLESNA), or Arizona Senate Bill 1070 (S.B. 1070, as it is popularly known). The purpose of the act is â€Å"... to discourage and deter the unlawful entry and presence of aliens and economic activity by persons unlawfully present in the United States† (Senate Bill 1070, 2010). Arizona Senate Bill 1070 is considered one of the harshest anti-immigration law due to it’s enforcements. NeverthelessRead MoreImmigration Of The United States1619 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the history of the United States, immigration has become a part of our countryâ₠¬â„¢s hearts and souls, which began centuries ago. In the United States alone, there are almost 70,000 foreigners that migrate here daily. Within those 70,000 people, over 60,000 of them are businessmen, travelers and students. In the United States currently, we have about 5,000 people that are illegal immigrants; with 2,000 legal immigrants. Illegal immigrants have been to this day outnumbering the number of legalRead MoreImmigration Of The United States1618 Words   |  7 PagesThrough all of the events in history that happened to the United States, the issue lurking around for over 250 years and counting, which began ages ago, is immigration. In the U.S daily, there are approximately 70,000 foreigners that travel here from various countries from different parts of the world. Within the 70,000 travelers, over 60,000 of them are tourists, businessmen, and students. In the United States currently, with every 2,000 legal immigrants, there are 5,000 illegal immigrants. SinceRead More Essay about Undocumented Students769 Words   |  4 Pagesimportance of this growing outrage and discuss the following that corresponds to it. †¢ Definition of the term â€Å" Undocumented Students† †¢ The three main obstacles for higher education (admission, tuition, and financial aid) †¢ Arizona’s new immigration law †¢ The D.R.E.A.M act The term â€Å"undocumented students† is given to the children of foreign nationals who entered the United States legally with their families, but remained without an authorization. In some cases they have crossed the borderRead MoreImmigration Senior Project1544 Words   |  7 PagesSenior Project Immigration Obama’s Immigration Reform Xihara Rosario Class 172 Mrs. Prysler Northeast High School Outline 1. Introduction What is my topic? Why I chose it? What do I already know about my topic? What I expect to learn? 2. Body Definition of Immigration Types of Immigration The first habitants in United State were Immigrants Immigration reform issues right now Implements that reform needs to happen Immigration outcome and implications for AmericansRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And The United States1848 Words   |  8 PagesAll through the recorded background of the United States immigration has reliably transformed into a bit of our nation s fabric which began many years earlier. Just to wind up one of the most sizzling subjects in the United States and as of late with its essential center being illegal immigrants. Illegal immigrants are individuals who enters a country without the administration s authorization. In 2008, the Center for Immigration Studies assessed that there are more than 11 million illegal immigrantsRead MoreEssay on Immigration Law Reform2273 Words   |  10 PagesImmigration reform has been making the news for many years - since Arizona passed SB1070 and Alabama passed HB56. In an attempt to curtail enactment of these laws, the United States Department of Justice, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Department of State, and Unite d States Department of Education filed complaints against both states. Additionally, there are over â€Å"865 bills and resolutions relating to immigrants and refugees in 45 state legislatures and the DistrictRead MoreHistory of Immigration in the United States Essay1839 Words   |  8 Pagesof the United States immigration has become apart of our country’s fabric which, began centuries ago. Only to become a hot topic in the US in recent years with its primary focus being illegal immigrants. Illegal immigration is when people enter a country without government permission. As of 2008 the Center for Immigration Studies estimated that there are 11 million illegal immigrants in the US which is down from 2007‘s 12.5 million people. Although the Center for Immigration Studies estimates areRead MoreImmigration Of The United States1440 Words   |  6 PagesImmigration Immigration happens everywhere around the world but people like to come to the U.S. because they hear about the American dream. Citizens of certain developed countries deemed politically and economically stable by the U.S. government are allowed to visit up to 90 days without obtaining a visa (What is Immigration Law). Immigration is an important factor in the development of all countries as long as it is legal. Here in the United States, immigration provides for economic, social, and

Romeo and Juliet A monologue from the play by William Shakespeare Essay Example For Students

Romeo and Juliet A monologue from the play by William Shakespeare Essay A monologue from the play by William Shakespeare FRIAR: Hold thy desperate hand.Art thou a man? Thy form cries out thou art;Thy tears are womanish, thy wild acts denoteThe unreasonable fury of a beast. Unseemly woman is a seeming man!And ill-beseeming beast in seeming both!Thou hast amazed me. By my holy order,I thought thy disposition better tempered.Hast thou slain Tybalt? Wilt thou slay thyself?And slay thy lady that in thy life lives,By doing damned hate upon thyself?Why railest thou on thy birth, the heaven, and earth?Since birth and heaven and earth, all three do meetIn thee at once; which thou at once wouldst lose.Fie, fie, thou shamest thy shape, thy love, thy wit,Which, like a userer, aboundst in all,And uses none in that true sense indeedWhich should bedeck thy shape, thy love, thy wit. Thy noble shape is but a form of wax,Digressing from the valor of a man;Thy dear love sworn but hollow perjury,Killing that love which thou hast vowed to cherish;Thy wit, that ornament to shape and love,Misshapen in the conduct of them both,Like powder in a skilless soldiers flask,Is set afire by thine own ignorance,And thou dismembred with thine own defense.What, rouse thee, man! Thy Juliet is alive,For whose dear sake thou wast but lately dead.There art thou happy. Tybalt would kill thee,But thou slewest Tybalt. There are thou happy too.The law, that threatned death, becomes thy friendAnd turns it to exile. There art thou happy.A pack of blessings light upon thy back;Happiness courts thee in her best array;But, like a misbehaved and sullen wench,Thou poutst upon thy fortune and thy love. Take heed, take heed, for such die miserable.Go get thee to thy love, as was decreed,Ascend her chamber, hence and comfort her.But look thou stay not till the watch be set,For then thou canst not pass to Mantua,Where thou shalt live till we can find a timeTo blaze your marriage, reconcile your friends,Beg pardon of the Prince, and call thee backWith twenty hundred thousand times more joyThan thou wentst forth in lamentation.Go before, nurse. Commend me to thy lady,And bid her hasten all the house to bed,Which heavy sorrow makes them apt unto.Romeo is coming.

The important of Magwitch in Great Expectation Essay Example

The important of Magwitch in Great Expectation Paper We first see Magwitch as a fearful man which gives us the impression that he is an unpleasant character. Magwitch is an escaped convict he is often judge on his appearance, up bringing and lack of education, which is important. Pip who lives with his sister- Mrs Joe- and her husband Joe Gargery, Pip was in a graveyard when he first comes across this fearful man. Magwitch was in grey rags, very hungry and cold he was covered in cuts, smothered in mud and stung by nettles. The convict asks Pip to bring him wittles and a file, its ironic how a simple task will change Pips life forever. The convict threatened to Pips fat cheeks and turned upside, which is also ironic as to what will happen to Pip in the future. Pip obeyed the stranger. Fearing for his life he steals porkpie, mincemeat and brandy for the convict from his home. He also got the convict a file. Pip returns the next morning on the marches. Emptied his pockets, gave Magwitch the wittles and Magwitch gobbles them down like a dog. Pip showed Magwitch kindness and pity. Pip asked him if he had enjoyed the meal, Magwitchs answer was I did, thankyee dear boy. This is important because it shows compassion to Magwitch that he has never received. As he was an orphan and had no one. This is the first time we see a sign of humanity from the fearful man. Later on in chapter 5 soldiers were out looking for two convicts, Magwitch and another Compeyson. Joe, Pips brother-in-law a blacksmith helps the soldiers to look for the two convicts. The two men were found fighting on the marches. Pip was with Joe at the time when the two men were arrested. Magwitch noticed that Pip was with Joe and presumed that Joe was the man Pip lived with. We will write a custom essay sample on The important of Magwitch in Great Expectation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The important of Magwitch in Great Expectation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The important of Magwitch in Great Expectation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The convict not as bad as he looks owns up for Pip saying that it was him who stole the food he said then Im sorry to say, Ive eaten your pie. Magwitch didnt want Pip to get into trouble at home. The humble blacksmith Pips father figure replies by god knows youre welcome to it. The man Magwitch was fighting with Compeyson was a convict that Magwitch used to do crime with. Compeyson was a gentleman. The two men were tried in court together because of a forgery scam that the men were involved in. The justice system favoured the rich and so Magwitch received 14 years but Compeyson only got 7 years. Compeyson had the benefit of learning and public boarding school Compeysons education and gentlemanly ways convinced the judges that he was innocent. This is a point the Dickens made out about a corrupt legal system. That was why Magwitch is prepared to go to any lengths to kill Compeyson. Magwitch feels that the only way he could get justice is to take matter into his own hands. After the soldiers had caught the two men. Magwitch is transported to Australia. When he has served his time he can make a new life there, but if he returns to England he will face a death sentence. Magwitch farmed sheep, lives cheaply and saves his money for Pip. Pip not knowing any thing about this or the grate amount of money he will receive in the future. Pip thinking that he will not have much of a future becomes Joes apprentice Miss Havisham a wealthy old lady who lives in a big and rather gloomy house called Satis House invited Pip to play at her house.

Free Essays on Chadwick V United States

Citatation: 433 U.S. 1 (1977) Parties: Chadwick, appellant/ United States, appellee Issues: 1. Whether a search warrant is required before federal agents may open a locked footlocker which they have lawfully seized at the time of the arrest of the owner, when there is probable cause that the footlocker is filled with contraband 2. Whether a warantless search, under the circumstances of the case, was unreasonable 3. Whether such luggage is viewed as analogous to motor vehicles for fourth amendment purposes. 4. Whether the constitution permits the warrantless search of any property in the possession of a person arrested in public, so long as there is probable cause to believe that the property contains contraband or evidence of crime. Facts: Upon boarding a train in San Diego heading for Boston with a suspicious brown footlocker, Leary and Machado were identified as possible drug traffickers by train personal. Agents were notified in Boston and upon arrival after placing the footlocker in Chadwick waiting car arrest were made. The three along with the trunk were transported to Federal Building in Boston and an hour and a half after arrests were made; the footlocker was opened without consent or search warrant. Large amounts of marihuana were found in the footlocker and the respondents were indicted for possession with the intent to distribute. Before the trial, they moved to suppress the marihuana obtained from the footlocker. Prior Proceedings: The District Court granted the pretrial motion to suppress the marihuana obtained from the footlocker holding that warentless searches are per se unreasonable under the fourth amendment and that the footlocker search was not justified under the automobile exception or as a search incident to a lawful arrest. Holdings: Rationales: 1. A fundamental purpose of the fourth amendment is to safeguard individuals from unreasonable government invasions and not simply those interes... Free Essays on Chadwick V United States Free Essays on Chadwick V United States Citatation: 433 U.S. 1 (1977) Parties: Chadwick, appellant/ United States, appellee Issues: 1. Whether a search warrant is required before federal agents may open a locked footlocker which they have lawfully seized at the time of the arrest of the owner, when there is probable cause that the footlocker is filled with contraband 2. Whether a warantless search, under the circumstances of the case, was unreasonable 3. Whether such luggage is viewed as analogous to motor vehicles for fourth amendment purposes. 4. Whether the constitution permits the warrantless search of any property in the possession of a person arrested in public, so long as there is probable cause to believe that the property contains contraband or evidence of crime. Facts: Upon boarding a train in San Diego heading for Boston with a suspicious brown footlocker, Leary and Machado were identified as possible drug traffickers by train personal. Agents were notified in Boston and upon arrival after placing the footlocker in Chadwick waiting car arrest were made. The three along with the trunk were transported to Federal Building in Boston and an hour and a half after arrests were made; the footlocker was opened without consent or search warrant. Large amounts of marihuana were found in the footlocker and the respondents were indicted for possession with the intent to distribute. Before the trial, they moved to suppress the marihuana obtained from the footlocker. Prior Proceedings: The District Court granted the pretrial motion to suppress the marihuana obtained from the footlocker holding that warentless searches are per se unreasonable under the fourth amendment and that the footlocker search was not justified under the automobile exception or as a search incident to a lawful arrest. Holdings: Rationales: 1. A fundamental purpose of the fourth amendment is to safeguard individuals from unreasonable government invasions and not simply those interes...

Margaret Thatcher - Prime Minister - England 1980's Essay

Margaret Thatcher - Prime Minister - England 1980's - Essay Example Her father was a great influence in her life. Her father, who owned a grocery shop, was also a respectable member of the town council and later became a mayor. Margaret got married in the early 1950s and got two kids; Mark and Carol. Political interest and career can be traced in her early life before marriage, when she became the president of Oxford University Conservative Association. After receiving her degree in chemistry, she became a research chemist, and later attempted to run for Dartford’s parliamentary seat prior her marriage. Though she lost in both trials under a Conservative ticket in areas dominated by Labour party, she endeavoured to prepare herself by practicing law (tax law) before being elected as a representative of Finchley in 1959 (â€Å"Margaret,† biography.com) under conservative party. She served in various positions afterwards; as a junior minister for pensions and national insurance under Harold’s government, a member of Edward Heathâ₠¬â„¢s shadow cabinet during Labour party regime, secretary for education when Heath became PM, a conservative party leader after Heath in 1975, and finally, the first female elected PM in Britain in 1979, to serve until her resignation towards the end of 1990 (Owen, theguardian.com). She later quitted the House of Commons and was appointed a peeress in the House of Lords, but due to health effects, she retired from public speaking early during the 21st century. She earned the title ‘Iron lady’, following her rise into power and political career. Leadership Style The leadership style of Margaret Thatcher was influenced by her principles, beliefs, background, and other qualities she possessed. Her leadership can be described as a combination of dominant-authoritarian and charismatic styles (Ribberink genderforum.org). In her leadership efforts to reform Britain, most of the policies she put forth faced opposition even from some of her party members. Though she demonstrate d certain good qualities of leadership like confidence and focus to accomplish an objective, her decisions could be difficult to changes, lacking room for flexibilities, or accommodating other thoughts to shape the policies she used for the future of Britain’s economy. During the conflicts over the Malvinas Island, the PM ignored the immediate advice to use diplomacy as a way to resolve the issue, and instead remained adamant to the use of a naval task force, rejecting pleas and negotiation of a resolution (Sides, themonkeycage.org). Her lack of inflexibility in decision or policy making increased her opposition, as it felt she had overstepped the civil service and party structures into personal oriented influence. However, despite her authoritative leadership style, she would manage to get things done, but her iron will which her party failed to tolerate led to her demise as a PM. Right from her youth and for the rest of her political career, Margaret Thatcher reflected the qualities of a charismatic leader. The charismatic qualities she had persuaded the electorate to vote for her, both as a constituency representative and a party leader later in power. Public speaking equipped her better into this leadership style. Beyond that, she expressed self confidence, had a strong will to perform, and articulated her strong vision for Britain and its economy. It is her charismatic leadership that led to her

Professional Portfolio Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Professional Portfolio - Assignment Example Correspondingly, I would provide a structured portfolio of mine, where I will include a brief description of my educational platform, learning theory along with curriculum map and the use of tools that I have initiated throughout the course of my learning as an educator. Professional Portfolio Educational Platform and Learning Theory Education is one of the most vital aspects of growth for any individual. Understanding the value of learning as the cornerstone of a successful life, individuals from various age groups and demographics have started taking participation in the educational sector. In this regard, the role of an educator has become quite prominent over the years owing to their significance in forming the educational career of an individual. As an educator, I feel esteemed to be rewarded with the opportunity to assist learners in developing their skills and abilities with regard to their competent areas. Correspondingly, in my professional experience, I was able to learn th at an ideal educator is of extreme need to develop the skills and capabilities that might be in need to provide a proper learning experience to the students. In consideration to all these facets, I desire myself to be in a professional career associated with education. ... Additionally, with reference to my desire of becoming an educator will always intend towards maintaining an atmosphere, which will encourage maximum concentration amid the learners and facilitate effective learning in-turn. It would also be vital to mention that I am quite appreciative towards adopting proper learning theories that would allow me to have proper control over the learning capabilities of the students. As per my experience, adoption of effective learning theory is quite important to facilitate learners’ effective performance. Out of the various principles of learning, I prefer Readiness, which depicts that a learner can be able to learn more when he/she is physically, mentally, as well as emotionally deciphers the yearning to learn. Correspondingly, adoption of such theory requires me to create interest among the students by presenting the value of a particular topic or a subject matter. In my professional career, I also emphasize posing continuous mental as well as physical challenges, with the intention to keep the learners’ interests intact for a longer period of time. Curriculum Map and Assessment Strategy Based on my personal and professional experiences, I was able to understand that setting efficient curriculum is among the major needs in the field of education. Educational institutions all over the world have well identified the needs to develop an effective curriculum where learners would be able to perform better. Correspondingly, the role of an educator is also vital in such cases. I, as an educator, understand this particular facet in my role and ensure best possible contribution towards the same. I was mainly engaged with the Master of Education

Fonterra Organisation Analysis

Fonterra Organisation Analysis In this assessment I would like to discuss about Fonterra organization which is famous for the service of its milk and other dairy products. Fonterra is a multinational company providing its services all around the world. Its head office is situated in New Zealand because it is a kiwi company. Fonterra have partnership with other companies and co operates with the farmers as well. Fonterra deals with more than 140 countries and it covers 33 % part of the world in dairy products. Part 1 Demographics Fonterra is the company which deals all around the world. In business there is one important thing that we have to be really careful while we communicate in all departments. In Fonterra also so they have to communicate well with their staff and their stakeholder as well. It is not easy to proper communicate in big organisation but they do really well. Effective communication in the organization and experienced staff- In business communication staff plays an important role because they take message from people and pass to top level of organisation. So they have to hire professional and experience staff so it easy to communicate for them with all department and all other people. They make clear context and understand easily, so it will be easy to give feedback because they understand very well what exactly want to know. For example I work in wine store when we get any Chinese customer, its really hard for us to understand him and explain what he wants to know. Thats why we have Chinese staff as well because they can talk in their language which helps them to understand easily. In Fonterra they organize meeting in the end of month or annually. Different modes of communication- They communicate across the world through different ways of communication like media newspaper fax and phone email letter etc. Effective communication is the part of business and they do same things. They have their head office in Auckland New Zealand. They have branch office all around the world which helps them to make easy communication. Organisational Goal: The goal of Fonterra is that to be famous and successful dairy company all around the world because of their service quality and performance. Every organisation has their own goal but to achieve the goal they use different strategies and plans as well. Before to take any decision first thing that they discuss all things and make clear to everyone about their goal. Their main objectives are- They want to expend their business in different countries. Company want to improve the level of customer satisfaction. Provide information to customers more quickly and efficiently. High awareness of health and safety measures. Awareness of rules and regulations of every country in which Fonterra is running its business. Before make any policy, they take feedback from people so it will be easy for them because they know very well what people expecting from them. To achieve their goal, they have to care about those people who link with organisation. They hire the people through all around the world. So it will easy to communicate with supplier and customer because they will communicate in different languages. They will provide any information what they want to know. They will provide information day and night through whole year which help them to achieve their goal. Organisation culture and Ethics These two things are really important in an organisation. People have different values experience and attitude because everybody has their own thinking and belong to different religion and culture. Ethics also play an important role in business. Ethics means about moral values, everybody have moral values where they decide what is good or bad. For example farmers expect more prices for their milk and they feel like organisation do not give them much importance even company giving them proper attention. Another example is china where Fonterra going in loss even them applies the same vision which they apply to other countries and making profit there. Behind of this, there is one reason because they are from different culture, values and expectation from the organisation. Thats why they have to create their vision behalf on the people expectation and values. Management of knowledge resources In organisation, there is really important thing that how you manage your knowledge resource. If you manage your knowledge resource in well way, you can run your business successfully. The same thing applies in Fonterra as well but they use really well their knowledge share ideas to each other. They know very well in business its really hard to rely on one country when you have business all around the world. Thats why they import and export from other countries as well. They always communicate all other companies and people as well to get information about the market. Quality of product They always care about their quality of products thats the way where they can attract more people to invest money and more customers as well. When they export their products that time they provide health certificate as well. They hire staff all around the world because in this way they can communicate well with the people and know them better. For example I am basically from India so I have more information about the people like what they exactly expect from the company than about any other countries. Human resources- They know very well importance of the farmers and they always try to make them happy and now they take decision that farmers can have their own share in company. They know very well so in this way they can encourage the farmers to increase their productivity. They always follow the rules. They always care about environment and they communicate with farmers and all other person who link with company. For example last time they warn farmers that if they will not follow the rules so they ready to face problems and their milk not be collected. Group Dynamics: There is always easy to work in group rather than individual. Because it is really effective to work in group specially a big company like Fonterra. There is really hard to work in without participation of all department of the company. When you work in group it is easy to support the people in group it is really beneficial. In group it is easy to clarify the problems and in group it is easy to find the solution of those problems. There is no barrier while they communicate; there is no difference of juniors or seniors. Improvement in relations- People are specialised in their field when they work in group, it is better opportunity to know each other. Here they can share their ideas to each other. Helps in making new and innovative ideas- In groups the different people suggest different types of ideas. There is another thing about group that they have small groups where people can express their idea and its easy to explain and understand. In this way we can say that if Fonterra is famous company all around thats result of their group work. They use different ways of communication while they work in group. Meeting management: Meeting management in an organization there are lots of importance of meetings but we have to be careful while we in meeting .we have meeting because of some purpose. In Fonterra also have meeting monthly or annually. Where people come from all department and they discuss about their strength and weakness. They decide like what position they have in market and where they stand now. What they need to improve their weakness and how they can perform much better. Following are the things we have to concentrate on: Select the person- the first thing about meeting that we have to make sure that that are coming to the meeting. We have to confirm that they are able to come or not. Send the agenda- in Fonterra they send agenda to those people who are going to participate in meeting, so in this way they can know about agenda and they can prepare some work for meeting, so it is easy to discuss in meeting. Time and place- we have to decide time and place and tell to every participant trough mail, Phone txt or fax and just make sure that is that it is right for them to come on that place and time. We have to start meeting on time, so there is lesson for those entire participant who comes late and they can come in time next time. Provide hard copies of agenda- it will be easy for everyone, they have chance to discuss more about the agenda. Purpose we organise meeting for any purpose .so we have to be careful when we in meeting that are we going in right track, we have to discuss all those points which we have in agenda. We have take opinion from all participants so we can discuss and give them feed back as well. Clarify the Agenda and role we have to clarify the agenda and the roles of all participants. It will be easy for them to understand because they know abjectly what they have to do after that they will try to give their best. It is really beneficial for the organisation. Meeting progress we have to evaluate the meeting like we have to see that everybody is interesting to take part in discussion. In meeting thats really important that they present there physically and mentally as well. In the end we have to finish meeting on time and just make sure that it shouldnt get boring because if meeting takes long time it start to get boring, there is no point of meeting when participant start to get tired and get bored. Stakeholders: Here I am going to talk about of those people, organisation, people or societies which are link or affected by company or those act which are done the company. Fonterra is really big company so there is lot of stakeholder. Farmers- Firstly I would like to talk about farmers, more than 10000 farmers co operate the company, so they always communicate with them they have meeting with them and keep in touch with them through different type of communication, where they listen and give them feedback as well, for example Fonterra decide that farmers can own and control by their own, this decision will really attract more farmers so thats also a way of communication. Government- Fonterra always communicates with government like before to take any project approval etc. they communicate with them through different ways media mails letter and meeting as well. For example last time, they have problems with use of water and to throw wastage of production in the water. That time they collect information about this matter from all responsible people and provide to government. Other dairy companies, they have commitment to other dairy company and communicate with them trough video conference, teleconference even they are far from each other but there is no matter. Investors- Investor invests their money which helps to grow the company. Fonterra also sales shares in some countries to make it economically better. Employee- Employees play a vital role in the expansion of organizational business and give their best to run the company. Fonterra give them proper attention while they communicate different ways like- online, email, phone, fax etc. Customers- Customers are the main stakeholders of any company. It depend on them what response they give for any product or company .they communicate with them through newspaper media and advertisement, for example last time they have offer buy any two product of Fonterra and get 25% off on those product. Thats also way of communication. Network: Network in Fonterra they use different type of communication. They are really conscious about people when communicate with them but it depends what method they using while they communicate. They use different aspects of communication such as: Intrapersonal communication: In Fonterra they make small group where they communicate to each other. Mass communication: It is really easy way of communication. In this method we communicate through media channel like radio TV or news paper .for example we get the news about Fonterra that they doing well and contribute a lot in economy of New Zealand and they are going to increase the price of some products. We get all those news through newspaper radio and TV. Internal communication: In Fonterra there is lot of importance of internal communication. They communicate with all departments in the company and all stakeholders as well. Moreover, they discuss about their aim and performance, provide all information to them. Which helps them to find out the problems? Besides this, they tell them what their responsibilities and what they have to do. In the company they doing well communicate to each other through different methods. They have another good thing that they listen and understand to each other and give them feedback as well .they have clear context so which makes easy to understand for everyone. Conclusion: Fonterra is the famous and popular company because of their product and services. They care about everyone around them. They always complies laws and rules which makes them different from others. The communication process is really easy even the company is worldwide. The culture of organisation is very friendly which help everyone to enjoy the work and encourage them to give their best at workplace. At the end we can say that it is not an easy jobs to the mange the things but them doing well. Recommendations: Suitable place- First thing I would like to recommend that the production place is too far from the market area or where they sale their product. Some time it is really difficult to communicate and also wastage of time and money because staff have to go one place to another place. Special focus- Another thing is that they have to concentrate more where they are facing loss like- china. It will help them a lot to make profits. They also encourage the more farmers to come in dairy industries which will beneficial for them and farmers as well. In this way they can increase their productivity and profitability.

The Big Bang Theory Essay -- Science Astronomy Scientific Essays

The Big Bang Theory There have been many theories concerning what the universe looks like, how it became this way, and where it is going. The most popular theory that people hold today is that the universe began when all the matter ever present in the universe was contained in a tiny speck and that spec exploded. This is known as the Big Bang. This theory has developed a great deal since it was first conceptualized and continues to evolve today. Many different scientists have had a hand in this. Throughout time people have held different ideas of what the universe looks like, from the Aristotelian universe centered around the Earth to the Copernican universe with our Sun at the center. After Sir Isaac Newton invented physics, natural philosophers started to think that perhaps at one time there were no planets or stars but a cloud of matter. Then the gravity that is inherent to matter, which is what Newton explained, pulled the matter together into clumps and that is how the stars and planets formed. There has also been the question of how old the universe is. Until the theory of the Big Bang the most widely held belief was that which the Catholic church taught, that is that the world was created on October 23 at 9 o’clock in the morning 4004BCE. This is the date that Newton himself would have been taught. This was obtained by Archbishop James Ussher going through the Bible and recounting the generations of people born from Adam and Eve all the way up to Jesus. Scientists before the publication of Newton’s Principia did not argue this number, simply because they had no way of testing and refuting it. (Gribbin, 11) After Newton’s work, the scientific community finally had a place to start. Newton himself stated that a ... ...tant because it gives us a good scientific basis for the beginning of the universe and a tool to use to see how it will progress. The big bang may not give a beginning as precise as 9 o’clock October 23 4004 BCE, but we truly do believe that it is a great deal more accurate. References: - Gribbin, John. The Birth of Time. Yale University Press. New Haven. 1999. pp.221 - Goldsmith, Donald. The Runaway Universe. Perseus Books. Cambridge, Massachusetts. 2000. pp. 222 - Parker, Barry. The Vindication of the Bid Bang. Plenum Press. New York. 1993. pp. 339 - Trefil, James S. The Moment of Creation, Charles Scribner’s Sons. New York. 1983. pp. 217 - Schaefer Dr. Henry "Fritz" III. "The Real Issue, Stephen Hawking, The Big Bang, and God". 1994. Online. n. page Apr 20 2001. Available http://www.leaderu.com/real/ri9404/bigbang.html

Role Theory

Understanding Intimate Partner Violence through Role Theory: A Concept Paper Introducing Role Theory Role theory is a sociological framework that has been used to explain sets of relational patterns between people across varying contexts. It seeks to explain one of the most important characteristics of human social behavior – the fact that how people act, behave and speak are not separate, unique, disconnected but rather, are reflective of certain patterns and arrangements that depend on the social context and the actors in these contexts (Mangus, 1957; Biddle, 1986). To illustrate, within the context of an intimate relationship such as marriage, violence between partners can be tied to the particular patterns and arrangements of acting, behaving and speaking between partners – such as earning money, rearing children, taking care of the home and initiating sexual relations. Although several versions of the theory have been explicated by scholars, there appears to be agreement that role theory is mainly about three interrelated concepts: (1) patterned and characteristic social behaviors, (2) parts or identities as assumed by social participants, and (3) scripts or expectations for behavior that are understood and followed by actors in a particular social context (Biddle, 1986). For instance, adopting a role theory perspective to understanding intimate partner violence necessitates looking at the patterned and characteristic social behaviors of intimate partners in a relationship, the parts or identities that each partner plays in the relationship, and the scripts or expectations that are interpreted and adhered to by the partners in a particular relational context, specifically in situations of violent encounters. Furthermore, the theory also allows for an understanding of the relationships among the individual, collective and structural levels of society (Turner, 2001), as it deals with the organization and connection of social behavior between the micro, macro and intermediate levels of society. Thus, within role theory, an analysis of intimate partner violence entails looking into the individual behaviors of partners in a violent relationship and tracing the linkages of these behaviors to the social structures that exist in a particular society. Defining Roles Central to role theory is the concept of role. Several definitions have been ascribed to the concept of role in the literature. On a general level, the concept of role includes a description of behaviors, characteristics, norms and values held by a person (Thomas & Biddle, 1966). Another definition identifies role as a cluster of behaviors and attitudes that are understood as belonging together, such that a person is considered as acting consistently when enacting the various components of a single role and variably when he or she fails to do so (Turner, 2001). For instance, the traditional masculine role can be characterized as aggressive, ambitious, dominant, independent and persistent whereas the traditional feminine role can be illustrated as agreeable, courteous, sympathetic, trusting, understanding and warm (Ellington & Marshall, 1997). As such, a partner who plays the masculine role must enact behaviors and attitudes that are typical of this role, such as being aggressive, dominant, independent and agentic. For this partner cast in the masculine role, to be passive, dependent and agreeable implies incompatibility with the traditional masculine role. Specifically, a role may refer to behavior that is expected of people who occupy particular social categories such as statuses (or positions) in both formal and informal systems (Montgomery, 1998 as cited in Lynch, 2007; Biddle & Thomas, 1979 as cited in Lynch, 2007). Roles may also be reflective of the cultural values and norms in a particular society (Zurcher, 1983 as cited in Lynch, 2007). Roles may also be conceptualized as a resource that social actors try to utilize to achieve certain social goals (Callero, 1994). This assumption suggests two things: (1) that human agency is facilitated and expressed through the use of roles as resources, and (2) that roles are employed as tools in the establishment of social structures (Baker & Faulkner, 1991 as cited in Callero, 1994). Most social roles exist in pairs or sets. Thus, roles can be conceptualized as related through distinctive role relationships (Mangus, 1957). As such, there could be no husband role without a wife role and no parent role without a child role. In the context of intimate violence, there exists the perpetrator-victim role set. As organized patterns of social behavior, roles are of several types (Mangus, 1957). Roles may be ascribed to the individual, imposed upon an individual or achieved by the individual (Mangus, 1957). Sex and gender roles are ascribed to or imposed upon an individual (Mangus, 1957). For instance, one has to assume the masculine role if one is male or the feminine role if one is born female. On the other hand, one’s roles in groups and occupational systems, such as leader, mediator or peacemaker, are achieved roles. Roles may also be understood as generic or specific. Some roles may be pervasive, persistent, generalized and highly important to a person’s life while other roles may be limited, subordinate, temporary, isolated and unimportant to a person’s life (Mangus, 1957). To illustrate, in a violent intimate relationship, the roles of perpetrator and victim may be the predominant configuration in the relationship. On the other hand, these roles may also be seen as isolated to particular relational contexts and thus understood as subordinate to other roles such as father, mother, breadwinner and caretaker. Roles may also be highly abstract or they may be concrete (Mangus, 1957). Abstract roles emerge from social systems of statuses and are expressed as generalized moral standards (Mangus, 1957). Examples of abstract roles are evident in universal expectations of honesty and justice. Status roles include rights and duties that emanate from a given position or office (Mangus, 1957). Illustrations of status roles can be seen in the entitlements and obligations that are given to persons of authority, such as managers, leaders or decision-makers. Turner (2001) also identified four broad types of roles: (1) basic roles, (2) position or status roles, (3) functional group roles, and (4) value roles. Basic roles refer to roles that are associated with gender, age and social class (Banton, 1965 as cited in Turner, 2001). These are considered basic roles because they apply to a wide range of situations and because they tend to alter the meaning and taking up of other types of roles. The second type of roles, position or status roles, correspond to positions in organizations or formally organized groups (Turner, 2001). Occupational and family roles may be regarded as examples of position or status roles. Functional group roles are the informal behavior patterns that arise spontaneously as persons take on situational identities during social interactions (Benne & Sheats, 1948 as cited in Turner, 2001). Examples of functional group roles are mediator, coordinator, critic, counselor, leader and follower. Finally, value roles are similar to functional group roles in that both types of roles emerge spontaneously from the social interaction. However, value roles tend to be attached to very positively or negatively valued identities (Turner, 2001). In intimate relationships, examples of value roles can be the roles of hero, villain, saint, sinner, perpetrator or victim. After providing an overview of role theory and the concept of roles, we now turn to explain the two major approaches to understanding role theory. Two Main Approaches to Understanding Roles A review of the related literature identified two main approaches to understanding roles: (1) the traditional structural-functional approach and (2) the interactionist approach. In this section, we highlight the characteristics of each approach as well as provide an explanation of the major assumptions within each perspective. We also provide illustrations as to how each approach can help enlighten our understanding of intimate partner relationships. Finally, we discuss the limitations of each approach. Traditional Structural-Functional Approach The structural-functionalist tradition of role theory focuses on how roles, as fixed components of complex social structures, cultures or social systems, influence the behavior of people (Lynch, 2007). Two related strands of role theory are embedded within this approach – structural role theory and functional role theory. Structural role theory concentrates on social structures, which are understood as stable organizations of sets of persons (called â€Å"social positions† or â€Å"statuses†) who share the same patterned and characteristics behaviors (roles) that are in relation to others sets of persons in the structure (Biddle, 1986). This particular strand of traditional role theory refers to parts of organized groups as â€Å"status† and to the fixed behaviors expected of persons occupying a status as â€Å"roles† Stryker, 2001). Thus, roles may be conceptualized as the dynamic aspect of statuses or social positions, with roles corresponding to rights and duties attached to statuses or social positions (Stryker, 2001). Within this strand, roles are understood as existing prior to the social interaction of people who occupy the statuses or soci al positions, as roles originate from the accumulated experiences of past individuals who have previously occupied a status or social position (Stryker, 2001). The second strand of traditional role theory – functionalist role theory – highlights the characteristic behaviors of persons who occupy social positions within a stable social system (Biddle, 1986). Within this strand, roles are conceptualized as the shared and normative expectations that prescribe and explain these characteristic behaviors (Biddle, 1986). Functional role theorists view the enactment of roles as something that is learned through an understanding of social norms in a society as well as something that accomplishes certain functions in social systems (Biddle, 1986). Both structural and functional strands of the traditional approach to role theory emphasize social structures as antedating roles, such that roles are seen as imposed on the individual (Turner, 2001). Thus, within this approach, the roles of perpetrator and victim can be understood as emanating from social structures such as gender. For instance, the masculine role has often been identified with being the dominant partner, the primary breadwinner, the decision-maker and the enforcer of rules in the household. On the other hand, the feminine role has often been linked with being the subordinate partner, the caretaker of the home and the supporter of the husband and children. Such role configurations may put partner occupying the masculine role at an advantage while setting the partner playing the feminine role at a disadvantage, thus making them vulnerable to becoming perpetrators and victims of intimate violence (Mihalic & Elliot, 1997). Furthermore, this approach also points to socialization as the process by which persons learn to take on and perform particular roles in society (Stryker, 2002). Thus, when persons in social relationships conform to the expectations that are attached to statuses and supported by social norms, they tend to gain approval from other people who occupy related statuses and adhere to similar norms; such approval then reinforces the learning and enactment of roles (Stryker, 2002). Research has shown that typical school practices tend to create children’s identities as boy and girls (Martin, 1998 as cited in Fox & Murry, 2000). In particular, findings showed that teachers tend to treat boys’ voices as different from girls’ voices, such that the former were allowed to be louder and more as compared to the latter. Presumably, such gender role socialization contributes to the accrual of privileges to the masculine role and the corresponding accrual of disadvantages to the feminine role. In addition, both strands of the traditional structural-functional approach to role theory agree on the assumption that society, social systems and social structures shape individual behaviors (Brookes, Davidson, Daly & Halcomb, 2007). Analysis within this approach also starts from an examination of the social structure (Biddle, 1986). As such, within this approach, an examination of intimate partner violence will proceed from an investigation of the social systems and social structures that influence violent behaviors between partners in an intimate relationship. Furthermore, such an analysis will look into the cultural norms and values that sustain the social systems and social structures implicated in the phenomenon of intimate partner violence. However, several limitations of this approach have been raised in the related literature. According to Lynch (2007), this approach paints roles as relatively inflexible structures that are difficult to combine. Furthermore, by focusing on social structures, the traditional approach to role theory fails to take into account the mental, experiential dimension of role enactment (Lynch, 2007), thus regarding persons as automatons who take on roles mechanically. As such, this approach tends to be limited in its view of intimate partner violence as mechanically carried out by individual persons according to their status or position in the social structure, without taking into account the variability and diversity of experiences related to this phenomenon. Also, as it has difficulty accounting for individual level negotiations where actors may switch or combine roles, this approach also treats the variability and flexibility of roles as problematic (Lynch, 2007). Thus, traditional role theory is unable to address issues elated with non-conformity, social change and social systems that are not well-formed (Biddle, 1986). For instance, given instances of intimate partner violence where both partners inflict violence upon one another, traditional role theory proves to be limited in its explanation of intimate violence as emanating from the social structure. Within this approach, role changes such as when the perpetrator becomes the victim and the victim becomes the perpetrator become problematic and difficult to explain. The traditional structural-functional approach to role theory has also been criticized as advancing a one-sided view of society, with its emphasis on consensus, cooperation and continuity in social life along with its seeming blindness to disagreement, conflict and change (Stryker, 2001). Finally, scholars have also criticized the traditional approach to role theory as rationalizing and reinforcing the existing social order (Stryker, 2001). Interactionist Approach The interactionist approach to role theory arose from the symbolic interactionism perspective in sociology and as such gives importance to the roles of individual actors, the development of roles through social interaction, and the processes through which social actors understand and interpret their own and other people’s behavior (Biddle, 1986). Thus, this approach focuses on how roles emerge in social interactions and how individuals are able to influence behavioral expectations through social negotiation (Lynch, 2007). Within this approach, a role is conceptualized as neither fixed nor prescribed, but rather, something that is continuously negotiated by persons in social interaction (Mead, 1934 as cited in Lynch, 2007; Blumer, 1969 as cited in Lynch, 2007). Using this approach to understand intimate partner violence therefore necessitates looking at how partners in a violent relationship interact with one another as well as how they, negotiate, take on, impose or reject specific roles. In contrast to the traditional approach to role theory which highlights social systems and social structures, the interactionist approach emphasizes social processes such as communication, interpretation and negotiation (Lynch, 2007). Theorizing within this approach assumes that the relationship between personal, behavioral and social variables is reciprocal (Plummer, 1991 as cited in Lynch, 2007). As such, the interactionist role theory approach to xamining intimate partner violence will tend to focus on how partners communicate, interpret and negotiate particular issues in their relationship. As opposed to the traditional approach to role theory that posits the unidirectional influence of social structure on individual action, the interactionist approach opens up the possibility that personal and behavioral variables may influence social structural variables. For interactionist theorists, social actors interpret and enact their own roles by imagining the roles of others actors in t he social interaction (Turner, 2001). Thus, far from being automatons who take on roles mechanically, people are viewed as interpreting, negotiating and shaping their own roles to be able to interact effectively with other people who take on related roles (Turner, 2001). In this approach, analysis starts from an examination of the patterns of social interactions among individuals and groups of individuals (Turner, 2001). As such, research on intimate partner violence using this approach will look at the interpretative, negotiated and dynamic nature of violent interactions between partners. Some challenges to the interactionist approach to role theory have also been raised. One of these challenges criticized the interactionist approach for failing to take into account the influence of social institutions and structural forces on the role enactment process (Lynch, 2007). Thus, little attention is given to the structural constraints that impinge on roles (Biddle, 1986). To illustrate, although intimate partner violence can be analyzed by studying the social interactions where violence occurs, it is also important to trace the occurrence of intimate violence to social structures that impose and influence the roles that people enact. In addition, as the interactionist approach tends to focus on specific instances of social interactions, interactionist theorists sometimes fail to discuss the contextual limits of their assumptions (Biddle, 1986). Also, while the approach acknowledges the reciprocal relationship between personal, behavioral and social variables, it still fails to explain how these relationships feedback and affect succeeding role enactments (Lynch, 2007). Summary of Limitations of Two Main Approaches to Role Theory In his work on proposing an integration between role theory and positioning theory, Henriksen (2008) cited important limitations of the two main approaches to role theory. These limitations represent a summary of the difficulties that are encountered when using the traditional structural-functional approach and the interactionist approach to understanding social phenomena such as intimate partner violence. On the one hand, the traditional structural-functional approach seems to ignore individual action and its influence on social structure (Henriksen, 2008). Furthermore, a structural-functional approach to role theory also appears to be limited in examining the finer grains of social interaction (Harre & van Langenhove, 1999 as cited in Henriksen, 2008; Harre & Moghaddam, 2003 as cited in Henriksen, 2008). On the other hand, the interactionist approach appears to focus on social interactions, without taking into account the influence of social structures on the patterning and stability of such interactions. The interactionist approach has also been criticized for its limited attention to the social span of social interaction (Henriksen, 2008). It is based on these limitations of role theory that we propose an integration of role theory with positioning theory, in view of providing a better understanding of intimate partner violence at the structural, interactional and discursive levels. References Biddle, B. J. (1986). Recent developments in role theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 12, 67-92. Brookes, K. , Davidson, P. M. , Daly, J. , & Halcomb, E. J. (2007). Role theory: A framework to investigate the community nurse role in contemporary health care systems. Contemporary Nurse: A Journal for the Australian Nursing Profession, 25 (1-2), 146-155. Callero, P. L. (1994). From role-playing to role-using: Understanding role as resource. Social Psychology Quarterly, 57 (3), 228-243. Ellington, J. E. & Marshall, L. L. (1997). Gender role perceptions of women in abusive relationships. Sex Roles, 36 (5/6), 349-369. Fox, G. L. & Murry, V. M. (2000). Gender and families: Feminist perspectives and family research. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 1160-1172. Henriksen, T. D. (2008). Liquidating roles and crystallizing positioning: Investigating the road between positioning theory and role theory. In F. Moghaddam, R. Harre, and N. Lee (Eds. ), Global conflict resolution through positioning analysis (pp. 41-64). New York: Springer. Lynch, K. D. (2007). Modeling role enactment: Linking role theory and social cognition. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 37 (4), 379-399. Mangus, A. R. (1957). Role theory and marriage counseling. Social Forces, 35 (3), 200-209. Mihalic, S. W. & Elliot, D. (1997). A social learning theory model of violence. Journal of Family Violence, 12 (1), 21-47. Stryker, S. (2001). Traditional symbolic interactionism, role theory and structural symbolic interactionism: The Road to Identity Theory. In J. H. Turner (ed. ), Handbook of Sociological Theory (pp. 211-230). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York. Thomas, E. J. & Biddle, B. J. (1966). Basic concepts for the variables of role phenomena. In B. J. Biddle & E. J. Thomas (Eds. ), Role theory: concepts and research (pp. 51-65). New York: John Wiley & Sons. Turner, R. H. (2001). Role theory. In J. H. Turner (ed. ), Handbook of Sociological Theory (pp. 233-254). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York.

Smoking Tobacco Products and Electronic-cigarettes

Smoking became a staple of Southern United States culture when its environment proved perfect for growing and harvesting tobacco. With Kentucky and North Carolina â€Å"accounting for 71% of tobacco grown in the United States,† it is easy to see how the smoking culture is so deeply embedded and loved by southerners (â€Å"Economies†). Since the birth of this relationship in the late eighteenth century, a plethora of research has shown many negative side effects of smoking tobacco, such as: cancer, increased risk for respiratory disease and cardiovascular disease, and tooth decay (â€Å"Economies†). This, along with recent bans put in place by a growing number of cities that make it a crime to smoke in public places, has paved the way for a new†¦show more content†¦In a strange turn of events, the American Cancer Society, the American Lung Association, and the American Heart Association are all against the bill. 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